Specifying advanced nursery tree stock – what to look for in a standard.

On major projects, the cost of trees is only a fraction of the total investment. Infrastructure installation, years of irrigation and maintenance, and the risk of replacement significantly increase the stakes. If trees fail due to hidden defects, the cost is compounded. We compare two industry standards for specifying mature nursery stock—one widely used but virtually useless, the other more rigorous and evidence-based. Proper specification is essential to reduce risk, ensure long-term performance, and protect the full value of the investment.

Root defects? Walk away!

Circling, girdling, and pot-bound roots are invisible once planted—but their impact isn’t. They lead to slow decline, instability, and early failure. AS 2303 gives you a clear, enforceable standard to reject defective stock before it’s too late. That means stronger trees, longer life spans, better canopy outcomes—and no nasty surprises. Your clients will see better results. Your projects will be safer. And your city will grow the urban forest it deserves.